At either [[2007/08/24 Leeds, UK|Leeds]] or [[2007/08/26 Reading, UK|Reading]] Festival 2007, a friend of Rubin's recommended that Nine Inch Nails founder [[Trent Reznor]] watch the teenaged Rubin perform with Lostprophets, and he was impressed with what he saw. In 2008, when Freese announced his departure from NIN, Reznor sent email to Rubin, inviting him to audition. Rubin learned a couple songs, flew to the soundcheck of one of the [[Lights In The Sky Tour|Lights in the Sky]] shows, and secured the job.[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1gKmCqRvzCg] On November 14, 2008, Rubin was announced as the new drummer, taking over for Freese in 2009. Rubin is the youngest person to ever join NIN, at the age of 20.
In addition to assuming the drummer position in Nine Inch Nails, Rubin also has had a solo project, [httphttps://www.myspacethenewregime.com/thenewregime The New Regime], which he started when he was in Lostprophets. He has continued to work on and tour with The New Regime while being in Nine Inch Nails. In March 2020, The New Regime released its fifth studio album, the first on a non-independent label. There was supposed to be a lot of label support and touring for it, but the world shut down right after the album release due to the COVID-19 pandemic. After it became clear that the impact of the pandemic would be years instead of weeks or months, Rubin decided to close the chapter on The New Regime. He now releases solo material under his own artist name, Ilan Rubin.
In 2011, Rubin joined Angels & Airwaves, an American rock band, replacing drummer Atom Willard. He has continued to write songs and tour with the band.